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宫崎骏谈他片中的女主角
Miyazaki is asked "why are you obsessed with girls?
翻译：icytear
所有翻译均为动画爱好者交流所用，版权归原作者及所属媒体所有
翻译部分未经允许，请勿转载.
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以下是关于宫崎骏谈论他片中女主角的文字摘录
1“为什么娜乌西卡是一个女性的形象？”（摘自影片《风之谷》专述）
问：影片的主角娜乌西卡是一个女性的形象。有什么特别的原因吗？
宫崎骏：在现在这个社会，男性的名声并不好。当男人开枪的时候，就好象开枪是他的天职一样，他别无选择。然而当一个女孩开枪的时候，那才真正意味着什么。观看影片《女煞葛洛莉》（《gloria》）时我就有这种感觉，虽然开枪的不是女孩而是一个中年妇女——她开枪时简直象她忽然摔盘子一个样……真是好爽的感觉啊啊。那种描述男人追求::自::由::独立的故事总是会讲：那个男人如何在战场上打败他的敌人啊，或者他是如何克服艰难险阻啊。但如果故事的主角是女人，就需要去感觉，去从心里接受，去溯源，诸如此类。娜乌西卡不是那种要去打败敌人的主人公，而是一个懂得去理解去承担的人物形象。她从未想过要为父母报仇。她是那种生活在一个别样空间的人。这种感觉用女性形象表达要比用男性形象好的多。如果一个男人如此，那就太荒谬了。我感觉男人更信赖直观的表达方式——我真的这样感觉，因为在大自然的问题上，女性总是凭感觉去对待。
[原载于1984年2月20日《青年杂志》，1996年由吉卜力工作室再版收录于《吉卜力工作室档案卷一》]
2“为什么您片中的主角总是女性？”
[摘自某次访问内容]
问：为什么您总是选择女孩做故事的主角？
宫崎骏：我并非在理论上早就有此打算。只是每当在情节中比较男孩和女孩，我就会觉得女孩更英勇。如果一个男孩大跨步的走路，我不会觉得有什么特别；而如果一个女孩走的气宇轩昂，我会觉得那太酷了。也许是因为我本身是个男人，而女性们可能会觉得大跨步走的男人更有形。开始我会想，这不在是男人的时代，这不再是那个人道主义的时代。但十年之后，我会懒的这么说。我会直接说因为我是女性崇拜者——那也许更真实一些。
[选自季刊《Kikan Iichiko》 1994年10月20日，[Reprinted in Shuppatsuten by Hayao
Miyazaki; published by Tokuma Shoten, 1996.]
3男性领导者VS女性领导者
[摘自宫崎骏与日本小说家村上龙的谈话]
宫崎骏：长久以来我就放弃了创造大团圆结局的念头。我能做到的，只是在结局时让主人公暂时克服难关。那之后仍会出现许多问题，但主人公应该能够解决——我想那也是我唯一能做的。尽管从电影创作者的角度来看，如果我让结局“恶人败，合家欢”，会更容易一些。
村上龙：是的，那是容易一些（大笑起来）。还有很多问题没有解决，但事情暂时告一段落，虽然新的考验将很快来临，主人公仍然能想方设法经受住考验——那些让我们产生这种想法的全都是女孩子，是吧？（说着，他又笑起来）
宫崎骏：的确如此啊（跟着笑了起来）
村上龙：先生笔下对这种女孩的描述如此逼真，（创作时）是不是也有点小小的心痛啊。
宫崎骏：是啊。当我考虑塑造一个男性领导者时，我真的陷入混乱之中。问题不那么简单。我是说，如果故事是那种“敌寇败尽，天下太平”的类型，让男性作为领导者当然更好。可是当我们真的选择了男性作为冒险故事的主角，我们就只能弄出“印地安纳．琼斯与纳粹（或者任何一个人民眼中的坏人）大对战”那种东西。（印地安纳．琼斯是《夺宝奇兵》系列的主人公，片中他是一名大学考古教授，片该片由斯皮尔伯格导演，哈里森．福特主演）
村上龙：而且设定那样的时间和形势背景。
宫崎骏：除了那样我们也别无选择。要描绘一个爱做英雄梦，却过惯了懒散生活的男孩很简单。他精力过剩，却不知道何处利用和怎样利用，甚至说即使他要发挥这部分能量，也必须经历长期磨练——我可以创作这样一个故事。但人们问我：为什么总是写女孩子的故事啊？
村上龙：娜乌西卡如果是个男人会怎样啊，想到这个问题我也会一头雾水。哈哈，娜乌西卡乘着小荷母翅膀那一幕，如果他是个男的，那我们倒要问他了：“你傻了吗？！”（狂笑）——恩，娜乌西卡还真是个可爱的女孩啊……
宫崎骏：恩……那倒是……（也狂笑起来）但是每当倡导积极乐观的时候，我总觉得我们在撒弥天大谎。比如说，我们怎么能把一个如此积极乐观的女孩画得相貌平平？毕竟，在某种意义上我们是在作秀。
村上龙：但只要她们可爱就足够了，不是吗？（笑了起来）
宫崎骏：那也有难度。这些女孩子的形象迅速被做成恋女童癖者的玩偶。从某种意义上说，如果我们要描绘对我们有积极意义的角色，就必须尽可能把她们画的可爱。但现在有太多无耻的人把女性角色当宠物一样来描绘，而且这种情况愈演愈烈。他们可是口口声声的谈论着女权啊，他们怎么可以这么做？我不想说太多，可是……(谈话的开头，他们说到了那年杀死很多小女孩的连环杀手Tsutomu Miyazaki, an anime Otaku——英译者）
[Animage, vol 125, November, 1988. Reprinted in Shuppatsuten by
Hayao Miyazaki; published by Tokuma Shoten, 1996.]
译者注：村上龙（1952年——）本名龙之助。生于日本长崎。中学时代即显露出艺术才华。曾组织参予橄榄球队、摇滚乐团及新闻社团。早年接受西方嬉皮士文化影响并尝试编导电影。1973年进东京武藏野美术大学读书，抱负“反体制思想”积极参加学生运动，受挫后转入文学创作。《近似无限透明的蓝色》是他24岁时的处女作，同时也是作者最杰出的代表作，并形成了日本文学史新的流派——透明族。
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英文原文:
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[Here are three excerpts about Miyazaki's apparent emphasis on using female as leads in his works.]
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[An excerpt from a promotional article on the movie Nausicaa.]
Question: Nausicaa, the protagonist, is a female. Is there any particular reason for that?
Miyazaki: Well, men are not in good shape these days. When a man is shooting a handgun, it's just like he is shooting because that's his job, and he has no other choice. It's no good. When a girl is shooting a handgun, it's really something. When I saw a movie Gloria, I really felt so, well, it's not a girl, but a middle-aged woman (obasan)-- She shoots a handgun as if she is throwing dishes. It's really exhilarating. (The story of) a man gaining independent always told though (some events) in which he defeats an opponent in a battle, or fights his way through a difficult situation. But in the case of woman, it's to feel, to accept, or to cradle, something like that... Nausicaa is not a protagonist who defeats an opponent, but a protagonist who understands, or accepts. She doesn't think about avenging her parent's death. She is someone who lives in a different dimension. Such (character) is a woman rather than a man. If it's a man, that's too weird. I feel that men (depend) more on words. I felt that, for the issues concerning nature, women deal with them by feeling.
[Young Magazine, February 20, 1984. Reprinted in Archives of Studio Ghibli Vol 1; published by Studio Ghibli, 1996.] |
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[An excerpt from an interview.]
Question: Why do you always choose a girl as your theme?
Miyazaki: I don't logically plan it that way. When we compare a man in action and a girl in action, I feel girls are more gallant. If a boy is walking with a long stride, I don't think anything particular, but if a girl is walking gallantly, I feel "that's cool." Maybe that's because I'm a man, and women may think it's cool when they see a young man striding. At first, I thought "this is no longer the era of men. This is no longer the era of taigimeibun."[1] But after ten years, I grew tired of saying that. I just say "cause I like women." That has more reality.
[Kikan Iichiko, October 20, 1994. Reprinted in Shuppatsuten by Hayao Miyazaki; published by Tokuma Shoten, 1996.] |
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[An excerpt from a talk with Ryu Murakami, a Japanese novelist.]
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| Key to the dialog |
| Miya: |
Hayao Miyazaki |
| RyuM: |
Ryu Murakami |
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Miya: I gave up on making a happy ending in the true sense, a long time ago. I can go no further than (the ending in which the lead character) gets over one issue for the time being. Many things will happen after this, but this character will probably manage-- I think that's as far as I can go. From the standpoint of a movie maker, it would be easier if I could make a movie in which "everybody became happy because they defeated the evil villain."
RyuM: Yes, that's easier. -laughs- A lot of issues haven't been solved, but something has ended for the time being, and probably a new thing will start. Still, this person will manage to go on somehow-- those who make us feel like that are all girls, aren't they? -laughs-
Miya: Yes. -laughs-
RyuM: And it's a bit painful, since (the depiction of such girls in Miyazaki anime?) have such reality.[2]
Miya: Yes. When I think about making a male a lead, it gets really intricate. The problem isn't simple. I mean, if it's a story like, "everything will be fine once we defeat him," it's better to have a male as a lead. But, if we try to make an adventure story with a male lead, we have no choice other than doing Indiana Jones. With a Nazi, or someone else who is a villain in anyone's eyes.
RyuM: And set the time and situation around that.
Miya: We can't do anything other than that. It's easy to depict a boy who wants to do such a thing (be a hero in an adventure story?), but can't help but to live slovenly. He has more than enough energy, but he doesn't know how or where to use it, or even if he uses such energy, he can find his way only after a long detour-- I can make such a story. But people ask me "why do you always make a story about a girl?"...
RyuM: I myself get confused when I think, what if Nausicaa were a man. -laughs- In that scene in which Nausicaa was on the golden feelers of Ohmu, if she had been a man, it would be like "are you stupid!?" -big laughs- Well, Nausicaa is lovely, so...
Miya: Well, that's... -big laughs- But while making animation, I always feel that we are making big lies. For example, could we depict an affirmative character with a so-so looking girl? What we are doing is a show in a sense, after all.
RyuM: But if they are lovely, that's good enough, isn't it? -laughs-
Miya: It's difficult. They immediately become the subjects of rorikon gokko (play toy for Lolita Complex guys). In a sense, if we want to depict someone who is affirmative to us, we have no choice but to make them as lovely as possible. But now, there are too many people who shamelessly depict (such heroines) as if they just want (such girls) as pets, and things are escalating more and more. While we are talking about the human rights for women, why they can do this, I don't want to analyze much, but...[3]
[Animage, vol 125, November, 1988. Reprinted in Shuppatsuten by Hayao Miyazaki; published by Tokuma Shoten, 1996.] |
[此贴子已经被作者于2006-5-10 21:27:33编辑过] |
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